Patent D56149 for a generic male doll in 1920. Patent D47789 in 1915 for the design of what became the Raggedy Ann doll, Gruelle patented his design U.S. In addition to his patent application U.S. Volland Company, his primary publisher, to begin commercially manufacturing, selling, and promoting a mass-produced version of the doll. Patent design for what became known as the Raggedy Ann dollĪlthough the female members of Gruelle's family may have made a small number of initial versions of the Raggedy Ann doll in Norwalk, Connecticut, to help market the related books, Gruelle soon established a merchandising agreement with P. Two years after the publication of the first Raggedy Ann book, Gruelle introduced Raggedy Ann's brother, Raggedy Andy, in Raggedy Andy Stories (1920). The book's first edition also included Gruelle's own version of the doll's origins and the related stories.
#RAGGEDY ANN AND ANDY SERIES#
Volland Company, was the first in a series of books about his cloth doll character and her friends.
Raggedy Ann Stories (1918), written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle and published by the P. Patent Office registered Gruelle's trademark application (107328) for the Raggedy Ann name on November 23, 1915. (Riley was a well-known Hoosier poet and a Gruelle family friend and neighbor from the years when they resided in Indianapolis. On June 17, 1915, shortly after submitting his patent application for the doll's design, Johnny Gruelle applied for a registered trademark for the Raggedy Ann name, which he created by combining words from two of James Whitcomb Riley poems, " The Raggedy Man" and " Little Orphant Annie". Nonetheless, the anti-vaccination movement adopted Raggedy Ann as a symbol, though Marcella died from an infected vaccination, not from the side effects of the vaccination itself. Patent office on September 7, 1915, the same month as Marcella's death. Patent D47789 application for the design of the prototype that became the Raggedy Ann doll was already in progress around the time that Marcella fell ill, and the artist received final approval by the U.S. He used to get ideas from watching her." Īdditionally, Gruelle did not create Raggedy Ann as a tribute to his daughter following her death at 13 from an infected vaccination. He wrote the stories around some of the things she did. He remembered it when he saw her play dolls. He said then that the doll would make a good story." Myrtle Gruelle also indicated that her husband "kept in his mind until we had Marcella. While he was rummaging around for it, he found an old rag doll his mother had made for his sister. Although the incident is unconfirmed, Myrtle Gruelle recalled, "There was something he wanted from the attic. More likely, as Gruelle's wife, Myrtle, reported, it was her husband who retrieved a long-forgotten, homemade rag doll from the attic of his parents' Indianapolis home sometime around the turn of the twentieth century before the couple's daughter was born. Hall says the date of this supposed occurrence is given as early as 1900 and as late as 1914, with the locale variously given as suburban Indianapolis, Indiana, downtown Cleveland, Ohio, or rural Connecticut. Hall further explains that according to an oft-repeated myth, Gruelle's daughter, Marcella, brought from her grandmother's attic a faceless cloth doll on which the artist drew a face, and that Gruelle suggested that Marcella's grandmother sew a shoe button for a missing eye. What makes this even more intriguing is that fact that Johnny Gruelle, either unwittingly or with the great sense of humor he was known for, initiated many of these legends, a number of which are continuously repeated as the factual history of Raggedy Ann and Andy."
Gruelle biographer and Raggedy Ann historian Patricia Hall notes that the dolls have "found themselves at the center of several legend cycles-groups of stories that, while containing kernels of truth, are more myth than they are history. The exact details of the origins of the Raggedy Ann doll and related stories, which were created by Johnny Gruelle, are not specifically known, although numerous myths and legends about the doll's origins have been widely repeated.
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